Analysis of the potential ferroptosis mechanism and multitemporal expression change of central ferroptosis-related genes in cardiac ischemia–reperfusion injury

Abstract

Acute myocardial infraction is the most severe type of coronary artery disease and remains a substantial burden to the health care system globally. Although myocardial reperfusion is critical for ischemic cardiac tissue survival, the reperfusion itself could cause paradoxical injury. This paradoxical phenomenon is known as ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI), and the exact molecular mechanism of IRI is still far from being elucidated and is a topic of controversy. Meanwhile, ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic form of cell death that has been reported to be associated with various cardiovascular diseases. Thus, we explored the potential ferroptosis mechanism and target in cardiac IRI via bioinformatics analysis and experiment. GSE4105 data were obtained from the GEO database and consist of a rat IRI model and control. After identifying differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs) and hub genes of cardiac IRI, we performed enrichment analysis, coexpression analysis, drug–gene interaction prediction, and mRNA–miRNA regulatory network construction. Moreover, we validated and explored the multitemporal expression of hub genes in a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced H9C2 cell injury model under different conditions via RT-qPCR. A total of 43 DEFRGs and 7 hub genes (tumor protein p53 [Tp53], tumor necrosis factor [Tnf], hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha [Hif1a], interleukin 6 [Il6], heme oxygenase 1 [Hmox1], X-box binding protein 1 [Xbp1], and caspase 8 [Casp8]) were screened based on bioinformatics analysis. The functional annotation of these genes revealed apoptosis, and the related signaling pathways could have association with the pathogenesis of ferroptosis in cardiac IRI. In addition, the expression of the seven hub genes in IRI models were found higher than that of control under different H/R conditions and time points. In conclusion, the analysis of 43 DEFRGs and 7 hub genes could reveal the potential biological pathway and mechanism of ferroptosis in cardiac IRI. In addition, the multitemporal expression change of hub genes in H9C2 cells under different H/R conditions could provide clues for further ferroptosis mechanism exploring, and the seven hub genes could be potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cardiac IRI.