Systems profiling reveals recurrently dysregulated cytokine signaling responses in ER+ breast cancer patients’ blood

Abstract

AbstractCytokines mediate cell-to-cell communication across the immune system and therefore are critical to immunosurveillance in cancer and other diseases. Several cytokines show dysregulated abundance or signaling responses in breast cancer, associated with the disease and differences in survival and progression. Cytokines operate in a coordinated manner to affect immune surveillance and regulate one another, necessitating a systems approach for a complete picture of this dysregulation. Here, we profiled cytokine signaling responses of peripheral immune cells from breast cancer patients as compared to healthy controls in a multidimensional manner across ligands, cell populations, and responsive pathways. We find alterations in cytokine responsiveness across pathways and cell types that are best defined by integrated signatures across dimensions. Alterations in the abundance of a cytokine’s cognate receptor do not explain differences in responsiveness. Rather, alterations in baseline signaling and receptor abundance suggesting immune cell reprogramming are associated with altered responses. These integrated features suggest a global reprogramming of immune cell communication in breast cancer.Significance StatementWhile individual cytokine responses have previously been observed to be altered in breast cancer, cytokine signaling responses are tightly interconnected in a way that has not been previously characterized. Here, we profile cytokine signaling responses and find alterations that are shared across both pathways and cell types. The signatures across these measurements better define the alterations and point to a broad immunosuppression response.HighlightsBaseline and post-stimulation cytokine signaling profiles differ between healthy donors and breast cancer patients.Changes in cytokine response are not explained by differences in abundance of the cognate receptorFeatures of signaling response and receptor abundance dysregulation are coordinated across patientsIntegrated patterns of dysregulation in breast cancer patients share features of Th17 like-response as well as regulatory-like B and CD8+T cells