Affiliation:
1. OrthoRegen Group, Max-Planck University, Indaiatuba 13343-060, Brazil
2. PUR-FORM, Boca Raton, FL 33432, USA
3. Brazilian Institute of Regenerative Medicine (BIRM), Indaiatuba 13334-170, Brazil
4. Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu 600095, India
5. SportMe Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Unit of Biological Therapies and MSK Interventionism, 41013 Seville, Spain
Abstract
Platelet- and fibrin-rich orthobiologic products, such as autologous platelet concentrates, have been extensively studied and appreciated for their beneficial effects on multiple conditions. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and its derivatives, including platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in clinical and laboratory settings, particularly in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis (OA). Although PRP and PRF have distinct characteristics, they share similar properties. The relative abundance of platelets, peripheral blood cells, and molecular components in these orthobiologic products stimulates numerous biological pathways. These include inflammatory modulation, augmented neovascularization, and the delivery of pro-anabolic stimuli that regulate cell recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation. Furthermore, the fibrinolytic system, which is sometimes overlooked, plays a crucial role in musculoskeletal regenerative medicine by regulating proteolytic activity and promoting the recruitment of inflammatory cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in areas of tissue regeneration, such as bone, cartilage, and muscle. PRP acts as a potent signaling agent; however, it diffuses easily, while the fibrin from PRF offers a durable scaffolding effect that promotes cell activity. The combination of fibrin with hyaluronic acid (HA), another well-studied orthobiologic product, has been shown to improve its scaffolding properties, leading to more robust fibrin polymerization. This supports cell survival, attachment, migration, and proliferation. Therefore, the administration of the “power mix” containing HA and autologous PRP + PRF may prove to be a safe and cost-effective approach in regenerative medicine.
Subject
Polymers and Plastics,Organic Chemistry,Biomaterials,Bioengineering
Cited by
1 articles.
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