Magnesium Alloys in Orthopedics: A Systematic Review on Approaches, Coatings and Strategies to Improve Biocompatibility, Osteogenic Properties and Osteointegration Capabilities
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Published:2023-12-24
Issue:1
Volume:25
Page:282
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Giavaresi Gianluca1ORCID, Bellavia Daniele1ORCID, De Luca Angela1ORCID, Costa Viviana1ORCID, Raimondi Lavinia1ORCID, Cordaro Aurora1, Sartori Maria1ORCID, Terrando Silvio2, Toscano Angelo2ORCID, Pignatti Giovanni2, Fini Milena3
Affiliation:
1. Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy 2. Ortopedia Generale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy 3. Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
Abstract
There is increasing interest in using magnesium (Mg) alloy orthopedic devices because of their mechanical properties and bioresorption potential. Concerns related to their rapid degradation have been issued by developing biodegradable micro- and nanostructured coatings to enhance corrosion resistance and limit the release of hydrogen during degradation. This systematic review based on four databases (PubMed®, Embase, Web of Science™ and ScienceDirect®) aims to present state-of-the-art strategies, approaches and materials used to address the critical factors currently impeding the utilization of Mg alloy devices. Forty studies were selected according to PRISMA guidelines and specific PECO criteria. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using OHAT and SYRCLE tools for in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively. Despite limitations associated with identified bias, the review provides a comprehensive analysis of preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies focused on manufacturing and application of Mg alloys in orthopedics. This attests to the continuous evolution of research related to Mg alloy modifications (e.g., AZ91, LAE442 and WE43) and micro- and nanocoatings (e.g., MAO and MgF2), which are developed to improve the degradation rate required for long-term mechanical resistance to loading and excellent osseointegration with bone tissue, thereby promoting functional bone regeneration. Further research is required to deeply verify the safety and efficacy of Mg alloys.
Funder
Italian Ministry of Health—Ricerca Corrente Italian Ministry of University and Research
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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