The effect of paclitaxel on cachexia-related gene AZGP1 expression during adipocyte differentiation

Abstract

Cancer cachexia, a syndrome characterized by involuntary weight loss, affects skeletal muscles and leads to adipose tissue loss. Activation of adipose tissue during cancer cachexia may contribute to cachexia through mechanisms like ZAG, a biomarker for adipose atrophy. This study aimed to analyze the effect of paclitaxel on adipogenesis and cachexia-related genes in cancer cachexia. The study involved human preadipocyte cells grown in a commercial medium, with 50 nM paclitaxel applied on different days for differentiation. The 15th day, marking the completion of differentiation was analyzed for lipid accumulation and PPARγ and AZGP1 gene expression. The study found that paclitaxel during adipogenesis suppressed differentiation and lipid accumulation in human preadipocytes. It was determined that there was no change in the expression level of the AZGP1 gene in day 3 preadipocytes given paclitaxel starting from the 3rd day of differentiation. It was determined that PPARγ gene expression was suppressed in day 0 preadipocytes given paclitaxel starting from the first day of differentiation compared to the control group. As a result, it has been determined that paclitaxel may contribute to adipose tissue loss in cancer cachexia by suppressing the differentiation of preadipocytes and lipid accumulation during adipogenesis. The change caused by paclitaxel in the expression of genes such as AZGP1 and PPARγ during adipogenesis needs to be analyzed in further studies.