Lattice Boltzmann Method for Combined Natural Convection Surface Radiation in Open Cavity

Abstract

Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is performed to study numerically combined natural convection and surface radiation inside an inclined two-dimensional open square cavity. The cavity is heated by a constant temperature at the wall facing the opening. The walls normal to the heated surface are assumed to be adiabatic, diffuse, gray, and opaque while the open boundary is assumed to be black at ambient temperature. A Bathnagar, Gross and Krook (BGK) collision model with double distribution function (D2Q9-D2Q4) is adopted. Effects of surface radiation, inclination angle, and Rayleigh number on the heat transfer are analyzed and discussed. Results are presented in terms of isotherms, streamlines, and Nusselt number. It was found that the presence of surface radiation enhances the heat transfer. The convective Nusselt number decreases with increasing surface emissivity as well as with Rayleigh number, while the total Nusselt number increases with increasing surface emissivity and Rayleigh number. The inclination angle has also a significant effect on flow and heat transfer inside the cavity. However, the magnitude of total heat transfer decreases considerably when open cavity is tilted downward.