Incidence and risk factors of mental disorders in the elderly: The European MentDis_ICF65+ study

Author:

Andreas Sylke123ORCID,Schulz Holger1,Volkert Jana14,Lüdemann Jonas2,Dehoust Maria1,Sehner Susanne5,Suling Anna5,Wegscheider Karl5,Ausín Berta6,Canuto Alessandra7,Crawford Michael J8,Da Ronch Chiara9,Grassi Luigi9,Hershkovitz Yael10,Muñoz Manuel6,Quirk Alan8,Rotenstein Ora10,Belén Santos-Olmo Ana6,Shalev Arieh1011,Weber Kerstin7,Wittchen Hans-Ulrich1213,Härter Martin1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

2. Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, Institute for Psychology, Alpen-Adria-Universität Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria

3. Department of Psychology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany

4. Department of Psychosocial Prevention, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

5. Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

6. School of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain

7. Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

8. College Centre for Quality Improvement, Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK

9. Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

10. Department of Psychiatry, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel

11. Department of Psychiatry, NY Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

12. Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

13. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany

Abstract

Objective: While incidence rates of depression and anxiety disorders in the elderly have been comprehensively investigated, the incidence rates of other mental disorders have rarely been researched. The incidence rate and predictors of various mental disorders in the elderly were evaluated in different European and associated countries. Methods: A cross-sectional and longitudinal multi-centre survey of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) diagnoses was conducted in different European and associated countries (Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Israel) to collect data on the prevalence and incidence of mental disorders in the elderly. The sample size of the longitudinal wave was N = 2592 elderly. Results: The overall 1-year incidence rate for any mental disorder in the elderly is 8.65%. At 5.18%, any anxiety disorder had the highest incidence rate across all diagnostic groups. The incidence rate for any affective disorder was 2.97%. The lowest incidence rates were found for agoraphobia (1.37%) and panic disorder (1.30%). Risk factors for the development of any mental disorder were never having been married, no religious affiliation, a higher number of physical illnesses and a lower quality of life. Conclusion: In comparison to other studies, lower incidence rates for any affective disorder and middle-range incidence for any anxiety disorder were found. To the authors’ knowledge, no prior studies have reported 1-year incidence rates for somatoform disorder, bipolar disorder and substance misuse in community-dwelling elderly. These findings indicate the need to raise awareness of psychosocial problems in the elderly and to ensure adequate availability of mental health services.

Funder

Seventh Framework Programme

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health,General Medicine

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