Diabetes is associated with decreased migraine risk: A nationwide cohort study

Author:

Antonazzo Ippazio Cosimo12,Riise Trond13,Cortese Marianna134,Berge Line Iden5,Engeland Anders16,Bernt Fasmer Ole57,Lund Anders57,Joachim Ødegaard Ketil57,Poluzzi Elisabetta2,Bjornevik Kjetil13

Affiliation:

1. Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway

2. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Italy

3. The Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Center, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway

4. Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway

5. Kronstad DPS, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway

6. Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway

7. Section for Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway

Abstract

Background Results from studies on diabetes and migraine risk are conflicting, which may be due to methodological limitations. Prospective studies with long follow-up could increase our understanding of the relationship between the two diseases. Method We performed a cohort study including the whole Norwegian population alive on 01.01.2004, using prescriptions registered in the Norwegian prescription database to identify individuals developing type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and migraine during follow-up (10 years). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate rate ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for the effect of diabetes on migraine risk, adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. Result We identified 7,883 type 1 diabetes patients and 93,600 type 2 patients during the study period. Type 1 diabetes was significantly associated with a subsequent decreased migraine risk during follow-up in the age- and sex-adjusted analyses (0.74; 0.61–0.89). Type 2 diabetes was also associated with a significantly lower migraine risk (0.89; 0.83–0.95). Further adjustment for educational level yielded similar results for both diabetes. Conclusion Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes were significantly associated with a decreased risk of migraine. This suggests that diabetes or diabetes treatment may have a protective effect on the development of migraine.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Clinical Neurology,General Medicine

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