Long-term, Continuous Treatment with Both Oral and Transdermal Nitrates Increases Cardiac Events in Healed Myocardial Infarction Patients

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the effects of continuous dosing of oral, trans dermal (patch), and a combination of the two with nitrate treatments on cardiac events in patients with healed myocardial infarction. In total, 1,291 patients with healed myocardial infarction were assigned 2 groups: treatment with nitrates (n = 713) or nontreatment (n = 578). Nitrate treatment was subdivided into 3 groups: patch group (n =149), oral group (n = 504), and combination group (n = 60). The mean observation period was 17.4 ±21.1 months. Primary end points were nonfatal and fatal recurrent myocardial infarction, death from congestive heart failure, and sudden death. Baseline characteristics were also compared among the 4 groups to determine any effects on outcome. Among the patients with patch, oral, and combination groups, cardiac events occurred 3.4%, 6.7%, 10.0%, respectively, whereas only 2.9% of the patients treated without nitrates had cardiac events. The incidence of cardiac events was significantly greater in patients with oral nitrates and combination groups compared to patients without nitrates (p<0.01, respectively). Continuous dosing of long-term treatment with both oral and transdermal nitrates increased cardiac events in healed myocardial infarction patients.