How does hospitalization affect the frailty status of geriatric patients? Prospective study from internal medicine wards of a university hospital

Abstract

Objectives Frailty is a dynamic process. Frailty in the baseline, discharge, and post-discharge are important in the management of patients. We aimed to see how hospitalization affects frailty and to evaluate its effects on health outcomes. Methods It was conducted with patients aged 65 and over who were hospitalized in the internal medicine wards of a university hospital. Frailty was evaluated by Clinical Frailty Scale within the first 24 h of hospitalization, within 24 h before discharge, and at third months after discharge. Results Ninety-six (57.8%) of patients at baseline, 79 (50.6%) at discharge, and 68 (47.9%) at 3 months were frail. According to baseline, 12 (7.7%) patients changed from frail to non-frail at discharge, while 4 (2.6%) patients became frail ( p = 0.08). According to the baseline, 18 (12.5%) patients went from frail to non-frail at 3 months, while 7 (4.9%) patients turned frail ( p = 0.04). In regression analysis, living with frailty at discharge and low education level increased re-hospitalization. Five or more are considered living with frailty. Discussion Hospitalization may have positive effects on frailty in older adult patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards, the main effect is seen to be more significant in the post-discharge follow-up.