Eradication of keloids: Surgical excision followed by a single injection of intralesional 5-fluorouracil and botulinum toxin

Abstract

Background Keloids may complicate wound healing secondary to trauma, inflammation or surgical incision. Although various treatment modalities have been used with variable degrees of success, overall recurrence rates have remained unacceptably high. Methods The present study involved 80 patients with keloids of at least one-years' duration. Following total surgical excision of the keloid, a single dose of 5-fluorouracil was injected into the edges of the healing wound on postoperative day 9 together with botulinum toxin. The concentration of 5-fluorouracil used was 50 mg/mL and approximately 0.4 mL was infiltrated per cm of wound tissue, with the total dose <500 mg. The concentration of botulinum toxin was 50 IU/mL with the total dose <140 IU. Results Patients were followed-up for 17 to 24 months and a recurrence rate of 3.75% was found, which was significantly lower than in previously reported studies using other therapeutic modalities. Conclusion The author recommends that this treatment be routinely applied to all keloids because it is significantly more effective than those described by other authors.