Race Differentials in Obesity: The Impact of Place

Author:

Boardman Jason D.1,Onge Jarron M. Saint2,Rogers Richard G.3,Denney Justin T.4

Affiliation:

1. Jason D. Boardman is assistant professor of sociology and research associate in the Population Program and Health Behavior Program in the Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder. His work examines the social determinants of health among children, adolescents, and adults.

2. Jarron M. Saint Onge is a graduate student in the Department of Sociology and the Population Program in the Institute of Behaviorial Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder. His research focuses on the social influences on health and mortality, with a particular emphasis on the impact of geographic and residential context.

3. Richard G. Rogers is professor of sociology and director in the Population Program in the Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder. His research examines the demographic, socioeconomic, health, and behavioral factors that influence the quality and length of life. For example, with Fred Pampel, Rogers recently tested three competing theories of cumulative advantage on health and mortality (see the September 2004 issue of JHSB).

4. Justin T. Denney is a graduate student in the Department of Sociology and the Population Program in the Institute of Behaviorial Science at the University of Colorado, Boulder, and he is a supervisory statistician with the U.S. Bureau of the Census. His research focuses on racial, ethnic, and sex inequities in health and mortality, with an emphasis on the impact of social and residential context.

Abstract

This article reveals race differentials in obesity as both an individual- and neighborhood-level phenomena. Using neighborhood-level data from the 1990–1994 National Health Interview Survey, we find that neighborhoods characterized by high proportions of black residents have a greater prevalence of obesity than areas in which the majority of the residents are white. Using individual-level data, we also find that residents of neighborhoods in which at least one-quarter of the residents are black face a 13 percent increase in the odds of being obese compared to residents of other communities. The association between neighborhood racial composition and obesity is completely attenuated after including statistical controls for the poverty rate and obesity prevalence of respondents' neighborhoods. These findings support the underlying assumptions of both institutional and social models of neighborhood effects.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Social Psychology

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