Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering strategies using cell aggregates and decellularized scaffolds for the rescue of liver failure

Author:

Zhang Jiabin12,Chan Hon Fai34,Wang Haixia1,Shao Dan5,Tao Yu1,Li Mingqiang12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Guangzhou, China

3. Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

4. School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

5. Institutes of Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China

Abstract

Liver failure is a lethal condition with hepatocellular dysfunction, and liver transplantation is presently the only effective treatment. However, due to the limited availability of donors and the potential immune rejection, novel therapeutic strategies are actively sought to restore the normal hepatic architectures and functions, especially for livers with inherited metabolic dysfunctions or chronic diseases. Although the conventional cell therapy has shown promising results, the direct infusion of hepatocytes is hampered by limited hepatocyte sources, poor cell viability, and engraftment. Hence, this review mainly highlights the role of stem cells and progenitors as the alternative cell source and summarizes the potential approaches based on tissue engineering to improve the delivery efficiency of cells. Particularly, the underlying mechanisms for cell therapy using stem cells and progenitors are discussed in two main aspects: paracrine effect and cell differentiation. Moreover, tissue-engineering approaches using cell aggregates and decellularized liver scaffolds for bioengineering of functional hepatic constructs are discussed and compared in terms of the potential to replicate liver physiological structures. In the end, a potentially effective strategy combining the premium advantages of stem cell aggregates and decellularized liver scaffolds is proposed as the future direction of liver tissue engineering and regeneration.

Funder

chinese university of hong kong

Research Grants Council (Hong Kong)-Early Career Scheme

National Natural Science Foundation of China

national key research and development program of china

special fund project for science and technology innovation strategy of guangdong province

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Biomedical Engineering,Biomaterials,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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