ZNF384-Related Fusion Genes in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract

Zinc finger protein 384 ( ZNF384) encodes a C2H2-type zinc finger protein that can function as a transcription factor. ZNF384 rearrangement in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was first reported in 2002. More than 19 different ZNF384 fusion partners have been detected in ALL. These include E1A-binding protein P300 ( EP300), CREB-binding protein ( CREBBP), transcription factor 3 ( TCF3), TATA-box binding protein associated factor 15 ( TAF15), Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene ( EWSR1), AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1B ( ARID1B), SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4 ( SMARCA4), SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 2 ( SMARCA2), synergin gamma ( SYNRG), clathrin heavy chain ( CLTC), bone morphogenic protein 2-inducible kinase ( BMP2K), Nipped-B-like protein ( NIPBL), A Kinase Anchoring Protein 8 ( AKAP8), Chromosome 11 Open Reading Frame 74 ( C11orf74), DEAD-Box Helicase 42 ( DDX42), ATP Synthase F1 Subunit Gamma ( ATP2C1), Euchromatic Histone Lysine Methyltransferase 1 ( EHMT1), Testic Expressed 41 ( TEX41), etc. Patients diagnosed with ALL harboring ZNF384 rearrangements commonly had a good prognosis. The mechanisms, performance, and features of different ZNF384 rearrangements in acute lymphoblastic leukemia have been well evaluated.