Affiliation:
1. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
2. Ningxia Regional Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
3. College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
Abstract
Objective: The Traditional Chinese Medicine Qingzao Jiufei Tang decoction (QZJFD) is effective for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this study, we explored the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect of QZJFD and the underlying mechanism. Methods: The effects of QZJFD at low, medium, and high doses were investigated in a rat model of lung fibrosis induced by tracheal injection of bleomycin; pirfenidone was included as a positive control. Serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factors (TNF-α), and IL-1β in rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), TGF-β1, p-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), JNK, p-P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), P38 MAPK, collagen I, and fibronectin-1 (FN1) in lung tissues was detected by immunofluorescence labeling and western blot analysis. Results: QZJFD contained 209 main components and 575 corresponding targets. In total, 3875 disease action targets were related to IPF, with 308 common targets shared by drugs and diseases. The key targets included albumin (ALB), recombinant protein, TNF, IL-6, and tumor protein p53. In total, 3061 items were identified in the gene ontology enrichment analysis ( P < .05) and 197 signaling pathways in the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes ( P < .05), including MAPK, calcium, advanced glycosylation end products - receptors, TNF, and IL-17. Molecular docking simulation showed that the 2 predominant compounds of QZJFD, naringenin, and kaempferol, bound with high affinity to ALB. Serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and the expression levels of α-SMA, TGF-β1, p-JNK, p-P38 MAPK, collagen I, and FN1 in lung tissues were significantly increased in the model rats ( P < .001). After treatment with pirfenidone and QZJFD at the medium and high doses, serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β and expression levels of α-SMA, p-JNK, p-P38 MAPK, collagen I, and FN1 in lung tissues of rats were significantly lower than those in the model group ( P < .05). Conclusions: QZJFD may exert antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects that improve the status of IPF by regulating the MAPK signaling pathway.