Muscle-Specific Micro-Ribonucleic Acids miR-1-3p, miR-133a-3p, and miR-133b Reflect Muscle Regeneration After Single-Dose Zoledronic Acid Following Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rodent Chronic Defect Model

Author:

Schanda Jakob E.1ORCID,Heher Philipp2,Weigl Moritz3,Drechsler Susanne4,Schädl Barbara5,Prueller Johanna6,Kocijan Roland7,Heuberer Philipp R.8,Hackl Matthias9,Muschitz Christian10,Grillari Johannes11,Redl Heinz4,Feichtinger Xaver4ORCID,Fialka Christian12,Mittermayr Rainer113

Affiliation:

1. AUVA Trauma Center Vienna-Meidling, Department for Trauma Surgery, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

2. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; King’s College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, United Kingdom

3. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria

4. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria

5. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Medical University of Vienna, University Clinic of Dentistry, Vienna, Austria

6. King’s College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, United Kingdom

7. Hanusch Hospital Vienna, Medical Department I, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Center Vienna-Meidling, Vienna, Austria; Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Faculty for Medicine, Metabolic Bone Diseases Unit, Vienna, Austria

8. healthPi Medical Center, Vienna, Austria

9. TAmiRNA GmbH, Vienna, Austria

10. St. Vincent Hospital Vienna, Medical Department II, VINFORCE, Vienna, Austria

11. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Science [BOKU], Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Vienna, Austria

12. AUVA Trauma Center Vienna-Meidling, Department for Trauma Surgery, Vienna, Austria; Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Faculty for Medicine, Department for Traumatology, Vienna, Austria

13. Investigation performed at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology – The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria

Abstract

Background: Zoledronic acid improves bone microarchitecture and biomechanical properties after chronic rotator cuff repair (RCR) in rats. Besides the positive effects of zoledronic acid on bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture, bisphosphonates have positive effects on skeletal muscle function. Purposes/Hypothesis: The purposes of this study were to (1) longitudinally evaluate circulating bone- and muscle-specific serum micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) and (2) investigate supraspinatus muscle tissue after tenotomy and delayed RCR in a rat model. It was hypothesized that zoledronic acid would improve muscle regeneration after chronic RCR in rats. Study design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 34 male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral (left) supraspinatus tenotomy (time point 1) with delayed transosseous RCR after 3 weeks (time point 2). All rats were sacrificed 8 weeks after RCR (time point 3). Animals were randomly assigned to 2 groups. One day after RCR, the control group was given 1 mL of subcutaneous saline solution, and the intervention group was treated with a subcutaneous single-dose of 100 µg/kg body weight of zoledronic acid. All 34 study animals underwent miRNA analysis at all 3 time points. In 4 animals of each group, histological analyses as well as gene expression analyses were conducted. Results: Circulating miRNAs showed significantly different expressions between both study groups. In the control group, a significant downregulation was observed for muscle-specific miR-1-3p ( P = .004), miR-133a-3p ( P < .001), and miR-133b ( P < .001). Histological analyses showed significantly higher rates of regenerating myofibers on the operated side (left) of both study groups compared with the nonoperated side (right; P = .002). On the nonoperated side, significantly higher rates of regenerating myofibers were observed in the intervention group compared with the control group ( P = .031). The myofiber cross-sectional area revealed significantly smaller myofibers on both sides within the intervention group compared with both sides of the control group ( P < .001). Within the intervention group, significantly higher expression levels of muscle development/regeneration marker genes embryonal Myosin heavy chain ( P = .017) and neonatal Myosin heavy chain ( P = .016) were observed on the nonoperated side compared with the operated side. Conclusion: An adjuvant single-dose of zoledronic acid after RCR in a chronic defect model in rats led to significant differences in bone- and muscle-specific miRNA levels. Therefore, miR-1-3p, miR-133a-3p, and miR-133b might be used as biomarkers for muscle regeneration after RCR. Clinical Relevance: Adjuvant treatment with zoledronic acid may improve muscle regeneration after chronic RCR in humans, thus counteracting fatty muscle infiltration and atrophy.

Funder

Medical Scientific Fund of the Mayor of the City of Vienna

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

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