Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Exercise Training on Markers of Metabolic Syndrome in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Abstract

Background: The markers of metabolic syndrome can prompt the development of metabolic syndrome and are associated with worse graft function among transplant recipients. Studies have shown that exercise might be effective in reducing incidence rate of metabolic syndrome components in nontransplant patients. However, there is no sufficient evidence to determine whether exercise training is safe or effective for markers of metabolic syndrome among solid organ transplant recipients. Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of exercise training programs for risk markers of metabolic syndrome and to further evaluate its long-term effects in solid organ transplant recipients. Methods: We systematically reviewed all randomized trials comparing the outcomes of exercise training in organ transplant recipients. The Cochrane Library, Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, ProQuest Health & Medical Complete, and SinoMed databases were searched to June 2017. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3. Results: In total, 13 eligible trails involving 464 patients were included. Recipients who engaged in an exercise program after transplantation showed significant reductions in fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and body mass index and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein. But found no significant changes in new-onset diabetes, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, or low-density lipoprotein. Conclusion: Exercise training may be a promising intervention for markers of metabolic syndrome in transplant recipients. Further research is required to determine essential aspects of exercise according to organ transplantation type for effects on markers of metabolic syndrome.