Trajectories of Social Engagement and Mortality in Late Life

Abstract

Objective: There is a dearth of empirical research examining how patterns of stability and change in social engagement affect mortality. This study uses social integration theory within a life course framework to examine trajectories of social engagement over time and how those patterns relate to mortality. Method: Data are drawn from the Americans’ Changing Lives survey, a nationally representative panel study, with mortality information spanning from 1986 to 2005. Results: Even after controlling for known predictors of mortality, membership in a trajectory of high and slightly increasing social engagement was related to lower risk of mortality. Sociodemographic, health condition, and health behavior variables mediated the impact of the other social engagement trajectories on mortality. Discussion: Findings suggest the importance of maintaining high levels of social engagement over time for the health of older adults.