1. Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
2. Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
3. Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
4. Departments of Pharmacy and Critical Care, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
5. Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
6. Advanced Care Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
7. Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK