Deciphering prognostic indicators in AQP4-IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: An integrative review of demographic and laboratory factors

Author:

Guo Ruo-Yi123ORCID,Wang Wen-Ya123ORCID,Huang Jing-Ying123,Jia Zhen123,Sun Ya-Fei123,Li Bin123

Affiliation:

1. Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China

2. The Key Laboratory of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China

3. The Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

Abstract

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a group of inflammatory diseases affecting the central nervous system, characterized by optic neuritis and myelitis. The complex nature of NMOSD and varied patient response necessitates personalized treatment and efficient patient stratification strategies. Objective: To provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in clinical and biomarker research related to aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-immunoglobulin G (IgG)-seropositive NMOSD prognosis and identify key areas for future research. Methods: A comprehensive review and synthesis of recent literature were conducted, focusing on demographic factors and laboratory investigations. Results: Demographic factors, such as age, ethnicity, and sex, influence NMOSD prognosis. Key biomarkers for NMOSD prognosis include homocysteine, antinuclear antibodies, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, thyroid hormone levels, neurofilament light chain levels, and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein might also predict NMOSD attack prognosis. Conclusion: Further investigation is required to understand sex-related disparities and biomarker inconsistencies. Identification and understanding of these factors can aid in the development of personalized therapeutic strategies, thereby improving outcomes for NMOSD patients. Future studies should focus on unifying research design for consistent results.

Funder

S&T Program of Hebei

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Neurology (clinical),Neurology

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