Analysis of Preoperative Risk Factors for Early Recurrence in Patients After Hepatic Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Abstract

Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has a poor prognosis even after curative-intent hepatic resection due to a high recurrence rate. The aim of this study was to investigate preoperative risk factors for early recurrence after surgery for ICC, which may help to identify patients who need preoperative chemotherapy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 51 patients who had undergone primary surgery for ICC. We investigated the association of preoperative clinical variables with recurrence within 1 year after resection for ICC. We then created a high-risk ICC score using the identified preoperative factors and investigated the association of the score with disease-free and overall survival. Results Recurrence within 1 year after surgery for ICC was significantly associated with poor overall survival ( P < .01). In the multivariate analysis, preoperative tumor size > 5 cm ( P = .03) and elevated C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) ( P = .04) were significantly associated with recurrence within 1 year after surgery. A high-risk ICC score of 2 was associated with poor disease-free survival ( P < .01) and overall survival ( P = .02) compared with a score of 0 or 1. Conclusions Our high-risk ICC score, combining preoperative tumor size and CAR, can be an indicator of early recurrence and poor survival in patients after hepatic resection for ICC. Our findings may provide better preoperative risk stratification of patients with ICC, and the high-risk ICC patients may benefit from preoperative therapy.