Why Are Some Academic Fields Tipping Toward Female? The Sex Composition of U.S. Fields of Doctoral Degree Receipt, 1971–2002

Author:

England Paula1,Allison Paul2,Li Su3,Mark Noah4,Thompson Jennifer5,Budig Michelle J.6,Sun Han7

Affiliation:

1. Paula England, Ph.D., is Professor, Department of Sociology, Stanford University. Her main fields of interest are gender, inequality, and family. Her current research focuses on how gender inequality and family patterns differ by social class, as well as on dating, sexuality, and romantic relationships among college students.

2. Paul Allison, Ph.D., is Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelpha. His main field of interest is quantitative methods. Dr. Allison is currently researching methods for handling missing data and methods for causal inference from longitudinal data.

3. Su Li, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas. Her main fields of interest are gender, inequality, organizations, and education. Her current research focuses on women's lead in college attendance in the United States, as well as social networks, interorganizational relations, and gender differences in the use of time on the Internet.

4. Noah Mark, Ph.D., is Visiting Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. His main fields of interest are theory, social evolution, social networks, social order, and inequality. Dr. Mark is also investigating how status differences between categories of people can emerge and is conducting a set of projects on social evolution with the goal of clarifying the relationship between social order and social inequality across different types of human society.

5. Jennifer Thompson, Ph.D., is Senior Research Associate, Branch Associates, Philadelphia. Her main fields of interest are gender, inequality, and education. Her current work focuses on evaluating youth development programs in urban areas and public health initiatives, specifically tobacco-control programs.

6. Michelle J. Budig, Ph.D., is Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Her research interests include gender inequality in labor markets, work and family conflict, social inequality, nonstandard employment arrangements, and social policy. Her current research examines motherhood wage penalties in a comparative perspective, racial/ethnic discrepancies in the effects of human capital on wages, and racial/ethnic differences in the rising trends in childlessness and...

7. Han Sun, MA, is a Ph.D., candidate, Department of Sociology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois. Her main fields of interest are comparative-historical sociology, war, the state, and Chinese society. She is completing a dissertation on the provisions for ex-soldiers of the Communist army in China after the Communist regime was founded in 1949.

Abstract

Using data on the number of men and women who received doctorates in all academic field from 1971 to 2002, the authors examine changes in the sex composition of fields. During thi period, the proportion of women who received doctorates increased dramatically from 14 per cent to 46 percent. Regression models with fixed effects indicate no evidence that fields with declining relative salaries deter the entry of men, as would be predicted by the queuing the ory of Reskin and Roos. Consistent with the devaluation perspective and Schelling's tipping model, above a certain percentage of women, men are deterred from entering fields by th fields' further feminization. However, the rank order of fields in the percentage of women changed only slightly over time, implying that, to a large extent, men and women continued to choose fields as before, even when many more women received doctorates. The finding

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Sociology and Political Science,Education

Cited by 79 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3