Retracted: Heat and Mass Transfer of Nanofluid from Horizontal Cylinder to Micropolar Fluid

Abstract

Buoyancy-driven laminar free-convection flow, heat, and mass of a non-Newtonian nanofluid from a horizontal circular cylinder to a micropolar fluid have been investigated numerically using an implicit finite difference scheme. The model used for the nanofluid incorporates the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis. A nonsimilarity solution is presented that depends on the Prandtl number [Formula: see text], Schmidt number [Formula: see text], Brownian motion parameter [Formula: see text], thermophoresis parameter [Formula: see text], material parameter [Formula: see text], and buoyancy ratio parameter [Formula: see text]. It is observed that increasing the Brownian motion parameter increases the temperature, Sherwood number, and wall couple stress but decreases the velocity, concentration, angular velocity, skin friction, and Nusselt number. An increase in the thermophoresis parameter is observed to accelerate the velocity, concentration, angular velocity, skin friction, and Nusselt number, whereas it decreases the temperature, the reduced Sherwood number, and wall couple stress. The velocity, angular velocity, Nusselt number, and wall couple stress are reduced with increasing material parameters, whereas the temperature, concentration, skin friction, and Sherwood number are enhanced. It is also observed that increasing material parameters increases velocity, angular velocity, skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number but decreases temperature, concentration, and wall couple stress. The model finds applications in energy systems and the thermal enhancement of industrial flow processes.