Investigation of In-vitro Antiproliferative activity of Ampelocissus latifolia root extract on MCF-7 breast cancer cells Ampelocissus latifolia root extract against MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related death in women worldwide. Treatment of cancer has been plagued with toxic side effects of anticancer drugs. The need of the hour is the development of novel compounds with maximum cytotoxic effect on cancer cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. The current direction of researchers worldwide is to identify anticancer compounds from natural sources. In India, traditional medicine has employed use of herbaceous climbers of grape family for treatment of ailments ranging from snakebites to diabetes. In the current study, an attempt has been made to explore the in vivo antiproliferative property of ethanolic extract of root of Ampelocissus latifolia against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Materials and Methods: The antiproliferative effect of Ethanolic extract of root of Ampelocissus latifolia (ERAL) was estimated by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl--tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The MCF -7 cell viability in various concentrations of ERAL including 7.8mcg/ml, 15.6mcg/ml, 31.2mcg/ml, 62.5mcg/ml, 125mcg/ml, 250mcg/ml, 500mcg/ml and 1000mcg/ml was tested. The IC50 value was calculated. All the experiments were done in triplicates. This was followed up with DNA fragmentation assay and fluorescent staining and microscopy. Results: The MCF -7 cell viability in various concentration of ERAL including 7.8mcg/ml, 15.6mcg/ml, 31.2mcg/ml ,62.5mcg/ml, 125mcg/ml, 250mcg/ml, 500mcg/ml and 1000mcg/ml was found to be 69.01%, 62.39%, 55.04%, 48.00%, 41.17%, 33.82%, 26.78% and 20.06% respectively .The IC50 concentration was found to be in the range of 62.5mcg/ml.The cell viability was found to be dose dependant.DNA fragmentation assay and DAPI and PI staining of cells treated with IC50 concentration of ERAL were indicative of significant cell death. Conclusion: The concentration dependent inhibition of MCF-7 cells supported by DNA fragmentation and fluorescent staining indicate that Ampelocissus latifolia can be a source of novel anticancer molecules.