Abstract
This review article analyzes current literature on the mechanisms of damage to the nervous system in fetal growth restriction, which is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the economically developed countries. In some cases, this condition is associated with damage to the fetal nervous system, the symptoms of which can persist throughout life. Foundation of the effective pathogenetic therapy for intrauterine growth restriction during pregnancy would significantly reduce child mortality, morbidity and disability, and ease the financial burden on the healthcare system and social institutions.