Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effect of Rosemary, Parsley, Thyme, Chive, and Dill Extracts

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to confirm the potential of rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill extracts as natural antimicrobial agents and incense cosmetic materials by evaluating the antioxidation effects and antimicrobial effects on the skin and related microorganisms.Methods: Rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill were extracted with 70% ethanol and used as a sample. Antioxidant effects were measured at the total polyphenol and flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging effects and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity effect. And for <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Propionibacterium acnes</i>, <i>Corynebacterium xerosis</i>, <i>Malassezia furfur</i>, and <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i> related to the skin, the antimicrobial effect was measured using the paper disc method.Results: Among the rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill extracts, the total polyphenol and flavonoids were found to be high in rosemary and parsley extracts. DPPH and ABS radical scavenging effects and SOD-like activity effects were confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>thyme> chives>dill. As a result of measuring the antimicrobial effects at a concentration of 5 mg/mL, <i>S. epidermidis</i> was confirmed to be in the order of parsley=rosemary=thyme>chive=dill, <i>P. acnes</i> was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>dill>thyme=chive, <i>C. xerosis</i> was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>dill>thyme=chives, <i>M. furfur</i> was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>dill>chives>thyme, and <i>T. mentagrophytes</i> was confirmed to be in the order of rosemary>parsley>chives>dill>thyme.Conclusion: Rosemary, parsley, thyme, chive, and dill extracts were confirmed to have antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, confirming their potential as natural antimicrobial agents and incense cosmetic materials.