ADVANCEMENTS IN BIOPOLYMER-BASED NATURAL FIBER COMPOSITES: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Due to their great physical and mechanical behaviors, polymers have become essential in various industries. Polymers have been produced using chemical monomer synthesis, potentially dangerous non-biodegradable waste in the environment. Therefore, biopolymers are introduced, and organic compounds are found in natural sources as monomeric units. Also, biopolymers were discovered to be biodegradable and biocompatible, and these biopolymers are beneficial in numerous applications. Natural plant fibers have drawn more attention recently as potential reinforcing materials. The composites made with natural fibers have excellent mechanical and thermal characteristics. Materials made of natural fibers are inexpensive, recyclable, and environmentally beneficial. These natural fibers are excellent candidates to replace conventional fibers due to their biodegradability and eco-friendliness. The adhesion between the fibers and matrix has the most impact on the mechanical characteristics of composites. The mechanical characteristics of the composites were improved by combining chemical and physical modification techniques to increase fiber–matrix adhesion. The main objective of this study is to provide a thorough understanding of common types of biopolymers, various natural fibers, fillers, chemical treatments, and the performance of biopolymers and their composites-reinforced natural fibers. Moreover, the characterization and application of various biopolymers and composites were reviewed.