Cordycepin Attenuates Palmitic Acid-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis of Vascular Endothelial Cells through Mediating PI3K/Akt/eNOS Signaling Pathway

Author:

Ku Chang-Wen12,Ho Tsung-Jung123,Huang Chih-Yang4567,Chu Pei-Ming8,Ou Hsiu-Chung9,Hsieh Pei-Ling8

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan

2. Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan

3. School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

4. Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan

5. Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan

6. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

7. Holistic Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan

8. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

9. Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan

Abstract

A well-known medicinal mushroom in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, Cordyceps sinensis, is a rare natural-occurring entomopathogenic fungus, and it typically grows at high altitudes on the plateau of the Himalayan. Previous studies indicated that cordycepin, the main bioactive chemical of Cordyceps sinensis, has very potent anticancer, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its protective effects against atherosclerotic changes in vascular endothelial cells have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we showed that pretreatment with cordycepin significantly attenuated palmitic acid (PA)-induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and inflammatory responses. We found that PA decreased phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS, and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), which in turn activated NF-[Formula: see text]B and the downstream inflammatory responses. All these detrimental events were markedly blocked by pretreatment with cordycepin. Moreover, cordycepin ameliorated destabilization of mitochondrial permeability, cytosolic calcium rises, and apoptotic features caused by PA. In addition, all these anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects of cordycepin were found to be inhibited by the PI3K and eNOS inhibitor, suggesting that its anti-atherosclerotic effects may partially be mediated by the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan

China Medical University

China Medical University and Asia University

Publisher

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd

Subject

Complementary and alternative medicine,General Medicine

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