The cross-sectional correlation between the oxidative balance score and cardiometabolic risk factors and its potential correlation with longitudinal mortality in patients with cardiometabolic risk factors

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThis study sought to analyze the correlation between oxidative balance score (OBS) and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) and mortality in individuals with CMRFs.MethodsData were chosen from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression models were implemented to explore the relationship between OBS and the risk of CMRFs. Then, Cox proportional hazard models were employed to estimate the impact of OBS on mortality in individuals with CMRFs.ResultsFollowing multivariate adjustment, the subjects in the highest quartile exhibited a 46% reduction in the risk of CMRFs, a 33% reduction in the risk of diabetes, a 31% reduction in the risk of hypertension, and a 36% reduction in the risk of hyperlipidemia, compared with those in the lowest quartile. Furthermore, each 1-unit increase in OBS was remarkably negatively correlated with the prevalence of CMRFs, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. The correlation between OBS and CMFRs was found to be mediated by serum γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and white blood cells (WBC), and the mediation effect of GGT levels and WBC, accounting for 6.90% and 11.51%, respectively. Lastly, the multivariate Cox regression model revealed that elevated OBS, irrespective of whether it was treated as a categorical or continuous variable, exhibited a significant association with decreased mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.ConclusionsAn increased OBS might reflect a lower risk of CMRFs and a favorable prognosis for individuals with CMRFs. Moreover, WBC and GGT may play a potential mediating role between OBS and CMRFs.What is new?An elevated OBS was correlated with a reduced risk of developing CMRFs. Furthermore, WBC and GGT could act as mediators in this association.An increased OBS might indicate a positive prognosis for individuals with CMRFs.What are the clinical implications?OBS might serve as a valuable tool to guide the general population toward adopting healthy diets and positive lifestyle patterns in order to mitigate the risk of CMRFs and enhance the prognosis of CMRFs individuals with CMRFs.