Oxidative stress associated with impaired autonomic control and severity of lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate a link between malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, pulmonary function, and cardiac autonomic control in patients with COPD. Plasma levels of MDA, heart rate variability, and pulmonary function were measured in 50 clinically stable COPD patients and 50 normal male controls. COPD patients exhibited lower means of the standard deviations of all normal to normal (NN) intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN intervals (RMSSD), and high frequency (HF). Nevertheless, they presented greater low frequency (LF) and low frequency/high frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio) in supine and head-up tilt positions than controls (<i>P</i>< 0.001). Moreover, a negative correlation between MDA levels with SDNN (<i>P</i>< 0.001) and a positive correlation with LF (<i>P</i>< 0.01) and LF/HF ratio (<i>P</i>< 0.05) were observed in both positions. In COPD patients, plasma MDA levels were 2.3 times greater than controls (4.33± 2.03 µM vs. 1.89± 0.39 µM, <i>P</i>< 0.001), and they were inversely correlated with forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, midexpiratory flow, and peak expiratory flow (<i>P</i>< 0.001). Our findings suggest a potential role for oxidative stress in impaired cardiac autonomic control and clinical relevance of plasma MDA levels as a predictor of severity of COPD in COPD patients.