Factors associated with frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption among selected sub-Saharan African populations: evidence from the Cardiovascular H3Africa Innovation Resource Project
Author:
Okekunle Akinkunmi Paul12ORCID, Asowata Osahon Jeffery3, Akpa Onoja Matthew345, Fakunle Adekunle Gregory16, Chikowore Tinashe78, Mohamed Shukri F9ORCID, Obiako Reginald10, Komolafe Morenikeji11, Osaigbovo Godwin O12, Ogbole Godwin13, Arulogun Oyedunni14, Sarfo Fred Stephen15, Wahab Kolawole16, Owolabi Lukman17, Akinyemi Joshua3, Akpalu Albert18, Uvere Ezinne1, Akinyemi Rufus1920, Jenkins Carolyn21, Arnett Donna K22, Lackland Daniel23, Ovbiagele Bruce24, Ramsay Michèle825ORCID, Owolabi Mayowa1202627ORCID, Owolabi Mayowa, Akpa Onoja, Ogbole Godwin, Akinyemi Joshua, Arulogun Oyedunni, Agunloye Atinuke M, Adeoye Abiodun, Fakunle Adekunle, Okekunle Akinkunmi Paul, Uvere Ezinne O, Oladimeji Adebayo, Diala Samuel, Yaria Joseph, Efidi Richard, Asowata Osahon J, Olowoyo Paul, Adebayo Philip, Ogunjimi Luqman, Tito-Ilori Moyinoluwalogo M, Melikam Ezinne S, Adeegbe Oluwayemisi, Ogah Okechukwu S, Coker Motunrayo M, Adebajo Olayinka, Olalere Abimbola, Olalusi Dotun, Makanjuola Akintomiwa, Macaulay Funmi O, Ovbiagele Bruce, Tagge Raelle, Sarfo Fred S, Singh Arti, Owusu Dorcas, Adusei Nathaniel, Appiah Lambert, Akpalu Josephine, Adamu Sheila, Ampofo Michael, Appiah Lambert, Mensah Yaw, Akpalu Albert, Calys-Tagoe Benedict, Laryea Ruth Y, Agyekum Francis, Wahab Kolawole, Sanya Emmanuel O, Ogunmodede James A, Oyinloye Olalekan I, Kolo Philip M, Bello Abiodun H, Obiako Reginald, Ibinaiye Philip, Olayemi Balogun, Abubakar Sani A, Sule Abdullateef G, Oguike Wisdom, Shidali Vincent, Komolafe Morenikeji, Olowookere Samuel, Fawale Bimbo, Adeniyi Sunday, Sunmonu Taofik, Owolabi Lukman, Abunimye Esther, Isah Suleiman Y, Dambatta Hamisu A, Jenkins Carolyn, Lackland Daniel T, Osaigbovo Godwin O, Imoh Lucius, Abdul Salaam, Amusa Ganiyu, Uwanuruochi Kelechukwu, Chukwuonye Innocent I, Onyeonoro Ugochukwu, Ohagwu Kenneth A, Akinyemi Rufus, Adeleye Osimhiarherhuo, Akinwande Kazeem S, Ogunronbi Mayowa, Adeniyi Wasiu, Adesina Julius, Odunlami Olufemi A, Akisanya Cynthia, Adeniji Olaleye, Tiwari Hemant K, Srinivasasainagendra Vinodh, Tollman Stephen, Wade Alisha, Kabudula Chodziwadziwa, Ohene-Kwofie Daniel, Gómez-Olivé F Xavier, Wafawanaka Floidy, Kahn Kathleen, Gondwe Mwawi, Twine Rhian, Wagner Ryan, Kyobutungi Catherine, Khayeka-Wandabwa Christopher, Asiki Gershim, Kisiangani Isaac, Mohamed Shukri, Alberts Marianne, Choma Solomon, Mashinya Felistas, Mashaba Given, Tinto Halidou, Sorgho Herman, Boua Palwendé Romuald, Oduro Abraham R, Agongo Godfred, Debpuur Cornelius, Nonterah Engelbert, Norris Shane A, Micklesfield Lisa, Baloyi Vukosi, Ramsay Michèle, Choudhury Ananyo, Mthembu Busisiwe, Soo Cassandra, Sengupta Dhriti, Tambo Ernest, Ceballos Francisco Camiña, Mukomana Freedom, Tluway Furahini, Wandera Henry, Soodyall Himla, Brandenburg Jean-Tristan, Smyth Natalie, Crowther Nigel, Oduaran Ovokeraye, Hazelhurst Scott, Ali Stuart, Mathema Theo, Chikowore Tinashe, Swiel Yaniv, Lombard Zané, Sankoh Osman, Tindana Pauline,
Affiliation:
1. Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 2. Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University , Seoul, Korea 3. Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 4. Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 5. Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis , Memphis, TN, USA 6. Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Osun State University , Osogbo, Nigeria 7. MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, South Africa 8. Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular, Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, South Africa 9. Health and Well-Being Program, African Population and Health Research Center , Nairobi, Kenya 10. Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University , Zaria, Nigeria 11. Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University , Ile-Ife, Nigeria 12. Jos University Teaching Hospital , Jos, Nigeria 13. Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 14. Department of Health Promotion and Education, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 15. Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology , Kumasi, Ghana 16. Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital , Ilorin, Nigeria 17. Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital , Kano, Nigeria 18. Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School , Accra, Ghana 19. Neuroscience and Ageing Research Unit, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 20. Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan, Nigeria 21. Department of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, SC, USA 22. Office of the Provost, University of South Carolina , Charleston, SC, USA 23. Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, SC, USA 24. Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, CA, USA 25. Division of Human Genetics, National Health Laboratory Service, School of Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, South Africa 26. School of Medicine, Lebanese American University , Beirut, Lebanon 27. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital , Ibadan, Nigeria
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Frequent fruit and vegetable consumption is considered a promising dietary behaviour that protects health. However, most existing studies about the factors associated with this phenomenon among Africans are based on single-country reports, apart from one meta-regression combining smaller studies. This study harmonized large datasets and assessed factors associated with the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption in this population.
Methods
Individual-level data on sociodemographics, lifestyle and diet from 20 443 participants across five African countries (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, South Africa and Nigeria), from the Stroke Investigative Research and Educational Network (SIREN) and Africa Wits-INDEPTH partnership for Genomic Research (AWI-Gen) studies, were harmonized. Total frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption (in portions/week) was classified as ‘low’ (≤6), ‘moderate’ (7–14) and ‘high’ (≥15). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of factors associated with the total frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption (using ‘low’ consumption as the reference) were estimated using multinomial regression models.
Results
Mean age of participants was 54.3 ± 11.8 years, 10 641 (52.1%) were female, and the median (interquartile range) frequency of total fruit and vegetable consumption was 10.0 (4.0, 21.0) portions/week. Participants with a family history of cardiovascular disease [moderate (aOR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85, 1.00) and high (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78, 0.92)], current smokers [moderate (aOR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74, 0.94) and high (aOR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.69, 0.88)], current alcohol users [moderate (aOR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85, 1.00) and high (aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.76, 0.89)] and physically inactive participants [moderate (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75, 0.96) and high (aOR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.70, 0.90)] were less likely to consume fruits and vegetables frequently.
Conclusion
Africans with lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease were less likely to consume fruit and vegetables frequently.
Funder
National Institutes of Health SIBS Genomics SIBS Gen Gen National Research Foundation of Korea
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
General Medicine,Epidemiology
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