Viewing early life without labels: optical approaches for imaging the early embryo

Author:

Chow Darren J X123,Tan Tiffany C Y12,Upadhya Avinash234,Lim Megan1234,Dholakia Kishan3456,Dunning Kylie R123

Affiliation:

1. Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia

2. Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia

3. Centre of Light for Life, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia

4. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , Australia

5. Scottish Universities Physics Alliance , School of Physics and Astronomy, , St Andrews , United Kingdom

6. University of St Andrews , School of Physics and Astronomy, , St Andrews , United Kingdom

Abstract

Abstract Embryo quality is an important determinant of successful implantation and a resultant live birth. Current clinical approaches for evaluating embryo quality rely on subjective morphology assessments or an invasive biopsy for genetic testing. However, both approaches can be inherently inaccurate and crucially, fail to improve the live birth rate following the transfer of in vitro produced embryos. Optical imaging offers a potential non-invasive and accurate avenue for assessing embryo viability. Recent advances in various label-free optical imaging approaches have garnered increased interest in the field of reproductive biology due to their ability to rapidly capture images at high resolution, delivering both morphological and molecular information. This burgeoning field holds immense potential for further development, with profound implications for clinical translation. Here, our review aims to: (1) describe the principles of various imaging systems, distinguishing between approaches that capture morphological and molecular information, (2) highlight the recent application of these technologies in the field of reproductive biology, and (3) assess their respective merits and limitations concerning the capacity to evaluate embryo quality. Additionally, the review summarizes challenges in the translation of optical imaging systems into routine clinical practice, providing recommendations for their future development. Finally, we identify suitable imaging approaches for interrogating the mechanisms underpinning successful embryo development.

Funder

Future Making Fellowship

National Health and Medical Research Council

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

Australian Research Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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