Effects of soy isoflavones on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Author:

Cui Chendi1ORCID,Birru Rahel L2,Snitz Beth E3,Ihara Masafumi4,Kakuta Chikage4,Lopresti Brian J5,Aizenstein Howard J6,Lopez Oscar L3,Mathis Chester A5,Miyamoto Yoshihiro4,Kuller Lewis H1,Sekikawa Akira1

Affiliation:

1. C. Cui, L. Kuller, and A. Sekikawa are with the Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

2. R. Birru is with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

3. B. Snitz and O. Lopez are with the Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

4. M. Ihara, A. Higashiyama, C. Kakuta, and Y. Miyamoto are with the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan

5. B. Lopresti and C. Mathis are with the Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

6. H. Aizenstein is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

Abstract

Abstract Context The results of preclinical and observational studies support the beneficial effect of soy isoflavones on cognition. Objective This review aimed to evaluate the effects of soy isoflavones on cognition in adults. Data Sources The PUBMED, EMBASE, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched. Study Selection Two researchers independently screened 1955 records, using the PICOS criteria: participants were adults; intervention was dietary sources with soy isoflavones or isolated soy isoflavones; comparator was any comparator; outcome was cognitive function; study type was randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A third researcher was consulted to resolve any discrepancies. Sixteen RCTs were included and their quality assessed. Data Extraction Information on study design, characteristics of participants, and outcomes was extracted. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Data Analysis A random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates across studies. In the 16 RCTs (1386 participants, mean age = 60 y), soy isoflavones were found to improve overall cognitive function (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.07–0.32) and memory (SMD, 0.15; 95%CI, 0.03–0.26). Conclusion The results showed that soy isoflavones may improve cognitive function in adults. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018082070.

Funder

National Institute on Aging

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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