1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
2. Department of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
3. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
4. Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital , Kyoto , Japan
5. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan