Advances and Challenges in Molecular Imaging of Viral Infections

Author:

Lau Chuen-Yen1ORCID,Martinez-Orengo Neysha2,Lyndaker Anna2,Flavahan Kelly3,Johnson Reed F4,Shah Swati2,Hammoud Dima A2

Affiliation:

1. HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA

2. Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA

3. Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland , USA

4. SARS-CoV-2 Virology Core, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland , USA

Abstract

Abstract Molecular imaging of viral infection, using a variety of advanced imaging techniques such as optical and nuclear imaging, can and has been used for direct visualization of the virus as well as assessment of virus-host interactions. Unlike imaging of other pathogens such as bacteria and fungi, challenging aspects of imaging viral infections include the small size of viruses, the complexity of viral infection animal models (eg, species dependence), and the high-level containment needs for many high-consequence pathogens, among others. In this review, using representative viral infections, we discuss how molecular imaging can reveal real-time infection dynamics, improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis, and guide optimization of treatment and prevention strategies. Key findings from human and animal studies are highlighted.

Funder

Clinical Center

National Institutes of Health

National Cancer Institute

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology and Allergy

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