Systematics of the Rhinolophus landeri complex, with evidence for 3 additional Afrotropical bat species

Author:

Patterson Bruce D1ORCID,Demos Terrence C1ORCID,Torrent Laura23ORCID,Grunwald Amanda L4ORCID,Montauban Cecilia56ORCID,Kerbis Peterhans Julian C17ORCID,McDonough Molly M18ORCID,Dick Carl W19ORCID,Bartonjo Michael10,Schoeman M Corrie11ORCID,Ruedas Luis A4ORCID,Juste Javier1213ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History , 1400 S. DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605 , United States

2. CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto , Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão , Portugal

3. BiBio, Natural Sciences Museum of Granollers , Francesc Macià 51, 08402 Granollers , Spain

4. Department of Biology and Museum of Vertebrate Biology, Portland State University , SRTC-247, P.O. Box 751, Portland, OR 97207 , United States

5. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , Ascot, Berks SL5 7PY , United Kingdom

6. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum London , London SW7 5BD , United Kingdom

7. College of Arts & Sciences, Roosevelt University , Chicago, IL 60605 , United States

8. Department of Biological Sciences, Chicago State University , 9501 S. King Drive, Chicago, IL 60628 , United States

9. Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University , Bowling Green, KY 42101 , United States

10. Mammalogy Section, National Museums of Kenya , P.O. Box 40658 – 00100, Nairobi , Kenya

11. School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban 4000 , South Africa

12. Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC) , Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Seville 41092 , Spain

13. Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBERESP , 28029 Madrid , Spain

Abstract

Abstract Roughly a third of all horseshoe bat species (Rhinolophidae: Rhinolophus) are found in Africa, where a recent continent-wide genetic survey suggested the presence of both undescribed and apparently invalid species. Here, we focus on the R. landeri species complex and the recent elevation of R. lobatus Peters, 1852, to species rank. That action created ambiguity in the taxonomy of East African members of the group—are both R. landeri Martin, 1838, and R. lobatus sympatric in East Africa or is another, unnamed species present there? Here, we refine genetic, morphological, and behavioral characterizations of R. landeri and its erstwhile synonyms with samples from the vicinity of their type localities. The distribution of R. landeri appears to be limited to Central and West Africa; existing genetic records attributed to this species from Mali clearly represent another taxon. We marshal genetic evidence for the species-level distinction of R. dobsoni Thomas, 1904, from Sudan, which was previously considered a synonym of R. landeri. We reject R. axillaris J. A. Allen, 1917, as a synonym of the R. landeri complex, provisionally regarding it as a valid member of the landeri species group. Finally, we demonstrate that East Africa is home to a fourth species of the landeri complex that is named herein. Final resolution of the systematics of this species complex awaits expanded characterizations (especially of genetics, vocalizations, and noseleaves) and studies of variation in regions of contact.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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