Affiliation:
1. Sleep Medicine Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Civico, EOC , Lugano , Switzerland
Abstract
Abstract
Study Objectives
To address the hypothesis that periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) are more frequent in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) when compared with typically developing (TD) children. To that end, we analyzed PLMS in a recent case–control study and conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of PLMS frequency in children with ADHD and TD children.
Methods
In our case–control study, we compared the PLMS frequency of 24 children with ADHD (mean age 11 years, 17 males) to that of 22 age-matched typically developing (TD) children (mean age 10 years, 12 males). A subsequent meta-analysis included 33 studies that described PLMS frequency in groups of children with ADHD and/or groups of TD children.
Results
The case–control study did not show any differences in the frequency of PLMS between children with ADHD and TD children, a result that was consistent across a range of different definitions of PLMS, which in turn had a significant and systematic effect on PLMS frequency. The meta-analysis compared the average PLMS indices and the proportion of children with elevated PLMS indices between children with ADHD and TD children and across a number of analyses did not find any meta-analytic results that supported the hypothesis that PLMS are more frequent in children with ADHD.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that PLMS are not more frequent in children with ADHD compared with TD children. A finding of frequent PLMS in a child with ADHD should therefore be considered a separate disorder and prompt specific diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Funder
ABREOC
Swiss National Science Foundation
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Physiology (medical),Neurology (clinical)
Reference62 articles.
1. Sleep disturbance in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review;Martins;Sleep Sci.,2019
2. ADHD and sleep: recent advances and future directions;Becker;Curr Opin Psychol,2020
3. Sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder;Spruyt;Expert Rev Neurother.,2011
4. Review of the possible relationship and hypothetical links between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the simple sleep related movement disorders, parasomnias, hypersomnias, and circadian rhythm disorders;Walters;J Clin Sleep Med.,2008
5. Periodic leg movements during sleep: phenotype, neurophysiology, and clinical significance;Ferri;Sleep Med.,2017
Cited by
3 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献