1. Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, King’s College London, London, UK
2. Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
3. Health Data Research UK, University College London, London, UK
4. Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
5. Department of Renal Medicine, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Stevenage, UK
6. Embedded Intelligence for Health Care and Wellbeing, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
7. Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy