Mesenchymal Stem Cell Insights: Prospects in Hematological Transplantation

Author:

Chou Shiu-Huey1,Lin Shinn-Zong2,Day Cecilia Hsuan3,Kuo Wei-Wen4,Shen Chia-Yao3,Hsieh Dennis Jine-Yuan5,Lin Jing-Ying6,Tsai Fuu-Jen7,Tsai Chang-Hai8,Huang Chih-Yang7910

Affiliation:

1. Department of Life Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC

2. Graduate Institute of Immunology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

3. Department of Nursing, MeiHo University, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC

4. Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

5. School of Medical Technology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

6. Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

7. Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

8. Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

9. Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

10. Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Abstract

Adult stem cells have been proven to possess tremendous potential in the treatment of hematological disorders, possibly in transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous group of cells in culture, with hypoimmunogenic character to avoid alloreactive T-cell recognition as well as inhibition of T-cell proliferation. Numerous experimental findings have shown that MSCs also possess the ability to promote engraftment of donor cells and to accelerate the speed of hematological recovery. Despite that the exact mechanism remains unclear, the therapeutic ability of MSCs on hematologic transplantation have been tested in preclinical trials. Based on encouraging preliminary findings, MSCs might become a potentially efficacious tool in the therapeutic options available to treat and cure hematological malignancies and nonmalignant disorders. The molecular mechanisms behind the real efficacy of MSCs on promoting engraftment and accelerating hematological recovery are awaiting clarification. It is hypothesized that direct cell-to-cell contact, paracrine factors, extracellular matrix scaffold, BM homing capability, and endogenous metabolites of immunologic and nonimmunologic elements are involved in the interactions between MSCs and HSCs. This review focuses on recent experimental and clinical findings related to MSCs, highlighting their roles in promoting engraftment, hematopoietic recovery, and GvHD/graft rejection prevention after HSCT, discussing the potential clinical applications of MSC-based treatment strategies in the context of hematological transplantation.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Transplantation,Cell Biology,Biomedical Engineering

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