IL17A rs2275913 polymorphism and features of immunological parameters in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis during allergen-specific immunotherapy

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis (AR) represents a global healthcare challenge. Epidemiology data demonstrate that around 20% of all-age group subjects suffer from allergic rhinitis. Over the last decades, AR incidence and morbidity have been markedly increased due to poorly understood causes. For instance, in the last decade AR prevalence has been elevated by 2-fold in Uzbekistan. However, medical records related to AR prevalence based on patient visit rate infer that it is dozens of times lower than actual data and reflects in no way severity of the problem, but sufficient enough to outline its large-scale spread. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) requiring further development and adjustments represents one of the most promising approaches to treat allergic diseases. Some researchers note rise in respiratory tract allergic disease (AD) prevalence including caused by pollen allergens. Therapeutic interventions in this type of pathology emerging due to chronic inflammatory process mainly in airway mucosa are aimed at achieving good control over disease symptoms, lowering risk of subsequent exacerbations and preventing AD aggravation. IL-17 belongs to the Th17 cell-derived cytokines that was described relatively recently. IL17 genes encode six proteins (molecular weight 20-30 kDa), among which IL17A and IL17F display peak sequence homology and were studied in numerous cell types. IL-17 family proteins take part in various reactions of immune response being mainly secreted by Th17 cells. It was shown that immunological mechanisms particularly mediated by cytokines such as IL-17A involved in inflammation, regeneration and fibrogenesis are crucial in progression of diverse infectious diseases.