The level of inflammatory markers in patients with myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are among the most widespread diseases in the world that affect all ages and sometimes can lead to death. Atherosclerosis, coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction are usually associated with artery occlusion and require percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as a non-surgical procedure to restore blood flow to the heart. Inflammatory biomarkers, especially interleukins and cardiac biomarkers, have an important role in diagnosing the state of patients with heart damage. The goal of the study was to estimate the serum levels of interleukins and cardiac biomarkers after PCI to reduce the risk of acute coronary syndrome. The study included 100 persons between the ages of 40 and 69 diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome who had successful PCI and a control group consisting of 50 healthy participants of the same age. The levels of interleukins, сreatine kinase MB and myoglobin were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Troponin and D-dimer levels were measured using immunoassay. It was found that patients before PCI had significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, cardiac troponin I, D-dimer, creatine kinase-MB and myoglobin compared to the control group. One day after PCI, the levels of IL -6, IL-8, cardiac troponin I and D-dimer remained elevated. One week after PCI, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CK-MB and myoglobin did not show significant differences compared to the control group, while the levels of cardiac troponin I and D-dimer remained higher. Results obtained indicate that in patients after PCI, the levels of interleukins decreased, indicating the reduction of inflammatory processes, but cardiac damage persists to a certain degree, even a week after PCI. Keywords: creatine kinase MB, D-dimer, interleukin, myocardial infarction, myoglobin, percutaneous coronary intervention