Optimized femtosecond laser patterning of organic light-emitting diode substrates for the extraction of substrate guided modes

Abstract

Abstract This work demonstrates the enhancement of the outcoupling efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes via patterning the substrate at the air/glass interface by a femtosecond laser. This patterning technique is completed via a one-step process and thus eliminates the need for complex multi-step fabrication processes, common among outcoupling structures. Comparisons among patterned devices with and without a thick hole injection layer show that intrinsic guided losses can be recovered and extracted into free space, thus achieving an increase in outcoupling efficiency by about 31% and 61%, respectively.