Affiliation:
1. School of Water Sciences, Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, UK
Abstract
Abstract
CaCO3 deposition on heated surfaces can be ameliorated by chemical, physical or biological methods each with various level of effectiveness. One of the most effective methods is addition of chemical inhibitors, although this can be a high OPEX solution due to the need to continually dose. Here the effects of a range of chemical inhibitors on scale formation were compared using a rapid scaling test, with the best results obtained when polyacrylic acid (PAA) was dosed. Non-chemical treatment methods include the use of magnetic, electronic and electrolytic devices. When comparing the effect of magnetic and electronic pre-treatment, reduction in scaling (51%) was observed only when using magnetic treatment in combination with particulate iron dosing. One option for non-chemical treatment is modification of the scaling surface and in this paper the effect of different surface material and its finish on CaCO3 formation was also investigated.
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