Abstract
In recent years, the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increasingly observed among women, which is one of the reasons for the higher interest of scientists in the influence of COPD on pregnant woman.
The aim of our study was to establish the features of the development pregnancy complications in pregnant women with COPD.
Materials and methods. 77 pregnant women with clinically and instrumentally verified signs of COPD were examined and were divided into 2 subgroups depending on the degree of bronchial obstruction: IA - 43 pregnant women with FEV1≥80%, IB - 34 pregnant women with FEV1 50-79%. The control group consisted of 27 healthy pregnant women. The cytokine profile was determined and a correlational interaction with the degree of bronchial obstruction and the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications was established.
The results. Our analysis of cytokine profile indicators in pregnant women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at the stage of mild and moderate bronchial obstruction showed a characteristic and reliable increase in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) and a simultaneous decrease in the level of anti-inflammatory IL-10 (p≤0.05).
We established that an increase in the degree of bronchial obstruction is also associated with a higher frequency of detection of such pregnancy and childbirth complications as anemia, respectively, by 3.1 times, the threatened of premature birth by 9 times, preeclampsia by 7 times, placental dysfunction by 3.4 times, intrauterine growth restriction 8 times, premature birth 3.5 times, premature rupture of membranes during labor 4 times, and fetal distress 3 times higher compared to the control group.
Conclusions. COPD in pregnant women is characterized by systemic disturbances in the cytokine balance and is accompanied by a significant increase in the frequency of obstetric and perinatal complications, the frequency of which depends on the degree of bronchial obstruction.