Bariatric surgery influences β-Cell turnover in non obese rats
Alonso Camacho-Ramírez2, Manuel Blandino-Rosano4, M. Carmen Segundo-Iglesias1, Alfonso M. Lechuga-Sancho3, Manuel Aguilar-Diosdado1, Gonzalo M. Pérez-Arana1* and J. Arturo Prada-Oliveira5*
1Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Unit, Puerta del Mar Universitary Hospital, 2Surgery Unit, Puerto Real Universitary Hospital, 3Department of Child and Mother Health and Radiology, Pediatric Endocrinology, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, 4Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA and 5Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cádiz, Cadiz, Spain
*Both authors contributed equally to the work
Offprint requests to: Dr. J.A. Prada-Oliveira and Dr. G. Pérez-Arana, Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Plaza Fragela s/n, University of Cádiz, 11003-Cádiz, Spain. e-mail: arturo.prada@uca.es
Summary. Background. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the different bariatric surgeries and pancreatic β-cell turnover. Material and Methods. We used healthy adult male Wistar rats to undergo the different techniques. Three surgical techniques were developed (malabsorptive, Sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-Y Gastric Bypass-), together with two control groups (Sham and fasting control). Pancreatic β-cell mass was measured, as well as apoptosis, proliferation and neogenesis related to cellular turnover. Otherwise, we measured the functional issues to elucidate the physiological role that these surgical techniques trigger in the carbohydrate metabolism (e.g. food intake, weight gain, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, and basal glycaemia). Results included the differences in phenotypes of the rat after the surgery. The rats did not show important differences in glycaemic parameters between the surgical groups. The β-cell mass presented modifications related with proliferation processes. A significant increase of β-cell mass in the malabsorptive technique was reported. On the other hand, the peripheral resistance to insulin tended to be reduced in rats which underwent malabsorptive and mixed techniques. Conclusion. This work showed an increase in β-cell mass after the resection of an important portion of small bowel. The Roux-Y Gastric Bypass produced a non-significant increase in β-cell mass. We considered that these implications of surgery over the endocrine pancreas must be one of the mechanisms related to the improvement of type 2 Diabetes mellitus following bariatric surgery. Histol Histopathol 32, 1341-1350 (2017)
Key words: Pancreas, Diabetes, Bariatric-surgery, Insulin-Secreting Cells, Beta-cell mass
DOI: 10.14670/HH-11-909