Modern understanding of vitamin D and the genetic regulation of inflammation in various clinical models

Abstract

The concept of this literature review is based on the scientific hypothesis that inflammation, which is the basis of various diseases, has common features, stages, pathophysiologically active substances that control the activity of inflammatory reactions, and general genetic control. In this literature review, individual diseases are grouped into several models based on the leading pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammation: autoimmune, microbial, lymphoproliferative, metabolic, and allergic. In connection with the importance of 25(OH) D for human health, its role in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, the diversity of functions and the complexity of metabolism due to polymorphism of regulatory genes, on the one hand, it seems very important to monitor the supply of this biologically active effector to various population groups, as well as, timely detection of insufficient supply and the need for additional intake of vitamin D, switching to targeted therapy if necessary, and on the other hand, the study of certain features of the molecular genetic mechanisms of its influence on the course and outcome of diseases with various pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammation.