Metastatic Patterns and Prognosis of Patients with Sinonasal Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study was to summarize the incidence, risk factors, and prognostic factors of distant metastasis of sinonasal carcinoma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We collected data for patients diagnosed with sinonasal carcinoma from 2010 to 2015 from the SEER database and analyzed the risk factors for distant metastasis via univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis models were used to describe the factors related to the overall survival of patients with distant metastasis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 2,255 patients were included in the study, including 86 in the distant metastasis group and 2,169 in the nondistant metastasis group. In the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, we found that the risk factors affecting distant metastasis were poorly differentiated tumor grade (HR = 1.932, 95% CI: 1.082–3.452, <i>p</i> = 0.026), advanced T stage (T3–T4) (HR = 4.302, 95% CI: 2.047–9.039, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), and advanced N stage (HR = 3.093, 95% CI: 1.911–5.005, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Moreover, elderly patients had a poorer prognosis than young patients (HR = 1.792, 95% CI: 1.096–2.931, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and that surgical treatment improved the survival rate of tumor patients with distant metastasis (HR = 0.450, 95% CI: 0.247–0.821, <i>p</i> = 0.009). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Tumor grade, T stage, and N stage are risk factors for distant metastasis in sinonasal carcinoma, while an age of less than 65 years and surgery were positive prognostic factors for sinonasal carcinoma patients with distant metastasis.