Associations of Digital Ulcers in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: An 8-Year Retrospective Study

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> This study aimed to investigate the associations of digital ulcers (DUs) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective study investigated the demographic characteristics, specific autoantibodies, organ involvement, and laboratory tests in patients with SSc from our hospital. <b><i>Results:</i></b> This study enrolled 144 patients with SSc. The DU+ group consisted of 15 (10.4%) patients. Patients with SSc having DUs have longer disease duration, higher fibrinogen, higher fibrin degradation product, and lower cholesterol. None of the patients used cholesterol-lowering drugs before onset of DUs. The study also demonstrated a higher prevalence of anti-dsDNA and anti-histone antibodies in patients with SSc with DUs. Anti-dsDNA antibody is a specific antibody for SLE with a specificity of 96–99%. A total of 86.1% (124/144) of patients suffered from diffuse cutaneous SSc, and 28.5% (41/144) of patients suffered from overlap syndrome. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Our study indicated that patients with SSc with fibrinogen of &gt;2.895 g/L (<i>p</i> = 0.043) and cholesterol of &lt;3.340 mmol/L (<i>p</i> = 0.036), which is equal to 129.258 mg/dL, are at high risk of developing DUs.