Preventing Sudden Cessation of Implantable Pulse Generators in Deep Brain Stimulation: A Systematic Review and Protocol Proposal

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires a consistent electrical supply from the implantable pulse generator (IPG). Patients may struggle to monitor their IPG, risking severe complications in battery failure. This review assesses current literature on DBS IPG battery life management and proposes a protocol for healthcare providers. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A literature search using four databases identified best practices for DBS IPG management. Studies were appraised for IPG management guidelines, categorized as qualitative, quantitative, or both. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 408 citations, only seven studies were eligible, none providing clear patient management strategies. Current guidelines lack specificity, relying on clinician suggestions. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Limited guidelines exist for IPG management. Specificity and adaptability to emerging technology are crucial. The findings highlight the need for specificity in patients’ needs and adaptability to emerging technology in future studies. To address this need, we developed a protocol for DBS IPG management that we have implemented at our own institution. Further research is needed for effective DBS IPG battery life management, preventing therapy cessation complications.