Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation Health Insurance Coverage on Cardiac Rehabilitation Use in Korea Using an Interrupted Time Series

Abstract

Background Since 2017, the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program in Korea has been included in the coverage provided by the National Health Insurance to alleviate financial burden. Our study aimed to identify changes in the CR program use according to the implementation of CR coverage. Methods and Results We obtained data from the electronic medical records of a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea from January 2014 to February 2020. Data from 2988 patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention were included. To examine the CR use trend among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, the electronic medical records data of the patients were aggregated quarterly, resulting in a maximum of 24 repeated measures for each patient. Segmented regression is often used to estimate the effects of interventions in an interrupted time series. Policy implementation led to a prompt increase in the probability of CR use (odds ratio [OR], 3.99 [95% CI, 2.89–5.51]). After the implementation of CR coverage, no significant change in CR use (OR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.92–1.01]) was observed. After percutaneous coronary intervention, more patients opted for CR, especially those receiving education compared with exercise (education: OR, 87.44 [95% CI, 36.79–207.83] versus exercise: OR, 1.99 [95% CI, 1.43–2.76]). Conclusions The implementation of CR coverage resulted in a rapid increase in the probability of CR use. Use of the educational program was higher than that of the exercise program. Given the persistently low use of CR, it is imperative to stimulate its adoption by increasing its availability.